CASE STUDY

Case Study

Section A: Personal Data Summary

The client’s name is R-Jay F. Gonzales, a seven year old only son of Mr. Jonathan and Mrs. Gina Gonzales. The client was born in the province of Bicol on Dec., 20, 2004.The client’s parents got separated when he was a one year old and have their own family now. R-Jay is in the custody of his mother together with his Stepfather Danny and stepsisters Garen and Grace.

At present, the client lived at 166 Mercury St., Constellation Homes Caloocan City. He is a grade one student studying in Kaligayahan Elementary school.

Section B: Joining Process

Section B: Joining Process

          The client has been referred by his mother Gina to the therapist. His  mother is seeking for help for the behavioral problem of her son.

                The therapist begins the process by establishing good rapport with the client and all of the members of his family. The therapist uses some  techniques such as asking some questions to the client and some of the   members of the family and also to his peers to gather some information about the behavior of the  client. Play approach is also used by the therapist to extend communication with his playmates.

                      At the end of the therapy, the mother of the client is expecting that his  child is able to change his maladaptive behavior. And for the goal of  therapist is to help the client to identify his maladaptive behavior and change it to adaptive behavior.

SECTION C: PRESENTING PROBLEMS

                 SECTION C: PRESENTING PROBLEM

The client’s problem is being observed by his mother and his stepfather. According to the client's mother, the client child does not want to follow the commands or request, of his stepfather. It will take an hour before he follows what his stepfather's command. Another problem is that his child never show some respect towards his stepfather and for the adults around him. The client child never use "po and opo" in conversing to them especially to his stepfather. According to the client’s stepfather, sometimes the client does not respect him as his stepfather. The child makes some faces if his stepfather talks to him. According to his mother, the client child is not close with his stepfather.

            On the other hand, the playmates of R-Jay tells the therapist that  the client child is nice to them but he becomes angry when his playmates tease him that he is not the real child of his parents. Same with what the teacher of the client child reported to his mother. According to her, the client child is very active in class but the client child becomes aggressive when his classmate bullies him about his family.

Section D: Psychosocial History

D.1 TIMELINE


                 The time line shows the significant events in the life of R-jay. When he is one year old, his parents got separated. His mother is the only one who took care of him. After that He got      baptized. In the year 2007, this was the   last time he saw his real father. He experienced to be abused by his tita when   his mother is not around. He got a 3rd honor when he was in preschool.      that time he met his stepfather. After this, his mother took him to transfer  him in Caloocan and to study there for grade one.

Continuetion of Section D

D.2 GENOGRAM

Continuetion of Section D.

Continuetion of Section D

 

 

Continuetion of Section D

   D.4-5-6 Personality Dynamic

        D.4 Personality Dynamic for Self-Mastery

                        As the therapist performs his observation, the therapist observes that R-Jay develops the skills that are appropriate on his age. He performs tasks such as preparing his food alone, going to school without the help of his mother and play independently. He also knows how to socialize with his peers. The client is also able to write his name and the alphabet letters. He also has knowledge about himself.

        D.5 Personality Dynamic for Relationship

                        The relationship of the client towards his family is partly good. He is very close with his uncles and stepsisters. He is preferred to stay inside the house of his uncle Ben than in their house.

                                    In terms of his parents, he does not have any communication with his real father but according to him, he mad at him but he miss him. He is timid if his stepfather is around, as if they do not know each other. He is not close to his mother but sometimes they do things together like the household chores.

                                    The client also has a good rapport towards his playmates, peers and classmates. He has a group of friends in where he enjoys himself. But some of his peers do not like him because of his attitude towards them. R-jay really hates his tita “Karen” because according to him he was being abused by his  tita.

D.6 Personality Dynamic for Action

                        R-jay develops routine every day. After doing some household chores in home such as helping his mother in cleaning the house, he now going to school. When he arrived from school, he immediately go to his playmates and play with them. The kind of game they always play is “bahay-bahayan”and “matamataya”. When he went home, he turns on the television and watches  TV for the rest of time.

SUMMARY Of BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

Monday, February 21, 2011

BEHAVIORAL THERAPHY

Burrhus Frederic Skinner - spent most of his professional life at Harvard. He has been described as the most influential psychologist of this century and he certainly set the stage for the development of behavior theraphy.

Joseph Wolpe - receive his medical degree in South Africa and, after studying Pavlov, rebelled against his psychoanalytic training and devoted his career to an empirical approach to psychotheraphy. He is beat known for devising systematic desensitization.

Albert Bandura - Has taught psychology his entire career at Stanford University, where he has developed a broader perspective on behavior theraphy by bringing in a social learning component.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

   The beginnings of behavioral therapy can be found at the crossroads of the rise of behaviorism as the philosophical view and empiricism as a growing method in psychology. With the advent of systematic desensitization in the 1950s, however, behavior therapy came into its own and grew quickly during the 1960s as an alternative to psychodynamic approaches.

VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

   Behavior therapists view humans as products of their experiences. People are neither good nor bad. But the behavior therapists does view humans as hedonistic in nature, responding to requests to end or decrease personal suffering or to promote greater pleasure and enjoyment in life. Behavior therapists have no model of optimal human functioning toward which clients led.

DEVELOPMENT OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

   Psychopathology, from the behavioral perspective, is defined as behavior that is advantageous or dangerous to the individual and/or to other people. It can result from insufficient cues to predict consequences or from inadequate reinforcement. One of the most painful of all maladaptive behaviors stems from an overly severe set of self-standards, and the resulting excess of self-criticism.

GOALS OF THERAPY

  The goal of behavioral therapy is to extinguish the client's identified maladaptive behavior and to introduce or strengthen adaptive behavior that can serve as a replacement and enable him or her to live a productive life. 

   The key to reaching this goal is learning new behaviors. The relies on three paradigms that can stand alone but are often integrated in this approach:

• Respondent learning
• Operant conditioning
• Social modelling

 FUNCTION OF THE THERAPIST

   The behavior therapist is generally very active in counseling. He or She serves as a consultant, asupporter, a resource, and a model. Functionally, the behavior therapist facilitates a process involving four major steps:

• Accurately defining the problem.
• Gathering a developmental history of the clients.
• Establishing specific goals.
• Determining the best methods for change.

MAJOR METHODS and TECHNIQUES

   Because its task is to resolve client symptoms, there are literally dozens and dozens of behavior therapy techniques. Some of the common methods include:

• Behavioral assessment - specifying  an individualize treatment plan.
• Positive reinforcement - giving reward for positive behavior.
• Token economies - using tokens to be exchanged for desired objects or privileges.
• Assertiveness training - enabling clients to express thoughts and feelings more freely.
• Modeling - learning through observing the behavior of another.
• Relaxation training - discriminating between tense and relaxed muscle groups to relax on cue.
• Systematic desensitization - paring of a neutral stimulus with one that are already elicits fear.
• Flooding - maximizing the anxious state of a client for eventual extinction.

APPLICATION

  

       As future educators,how can we apply the behavioral therapy on our students?Give a situation.

         Apply the behavioral therapy in the given scenario.

           Your student Ellen is afraid of spider.Give the techniques being used.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

   Behavior therapy provides a relatively coherent conceptual framework of psychotherapy. It is committed to systematization, objectivity, evaluation, and a solid research base. It provides clients with an understanding of the treatment process and also supplies the practitioner with an abundance of effective techniques.

   Behavior therapy, however, is criticized for not dealing with the total person. Critics also point to relatively little attention the behavioral approach has devoted to the therapeutic process.

SUBMIITED BY:

BARDINAS, Evelyn

RENCIO, Jomalou

TANAYAN, Geraldine

TOLENTINO, Leopoldo

REIZA,FREDA